Every species is dependent on each other for survival. All of us are a different part of the food chain. The tundra biome is the coldest in the world and is barely livable for most life forms. ,Even though plants and animals still live there it proves that there are many different kinds of symbiotic relationships seen in this area. A symbovesiotic relationship is where two organisms are involved. This can be mutual, parasitic or commensalistic in nature.
Mutualism
Mutualism is a relation where both the organisms benefit from each other. One of the most common plants in the Tundra is Lichen. Lichen is a composite organism that is usually made up of a fungus and a green alga. The alga uses photosynthesis in nature and that reduces carbon dioxide into sugars that feeds the fungus as well. The fungal counterpart in the meantime, helps provide protection to the alga by retaining water and helping in obtaining minerals from substrate. Therefore both the fungus and the green alga benefit from the relationship shown above, making it mutualism. Very useful for feeding other things around the Tundra as well as give protection.
Parasitism
Parasitism is a relation between two organisms where one organism benefits whereas the other one is at a loss in the relation, which is a way of saying it pretty much dies off because it can't get what the other one can. One of the biggest things people don't know about the Tundra biome, is that even parasitism is seen in the tundra region. This is usually seen in cases of liver tapeworm cysts. The liver tapeworm cysts tend to stay and grow in the body of various animals like moose, caribou and even wolves. These tapeworms then feed on the food that is eaten by these animals, which leads to malnutrition in the host body. So why one animal is infected with worms the worms are benefiting, because they are getting food and energy from the animal that it's inside of.
Commensalism
The Tundra doesn't exactly have the greatest environment for vegetation growth. This statement means that animals don't have a very wide variety of food. The caribou and reindeers are said to feed on lichens when the weather is at its worst and coldest, more often than they don't. this is the only food available to them which can provide them with carbohydrates and can give them energy and heat. So, when the caribou is on the prowl for food, the arctic fox follows it. That's when the caribou digs the ground snow in a quest to find food, it digs up the soil and slightly shows, or at least brings closer to the surface some of the subnivean mammals, with whom the arctic fox shares a predator prey relationships in the tundra. After the caribou are done, the arctic fox follows making deeper holes in the soil to get what mammals it can. This is one of the best examples of commensalism in the tundra biome, because the caribou remains unaffected but the arctic fox follows to get its food with some help from the caribou.
Mutualism is different from Commensalism and Parasitism because two animals can share the same food interest and be able to find it. Parasitism is where one animal feeds off of another to survive but only one of them is able to benefit from it. Commensalism is where one animal finds food and another one follows so they are both being benefited. There all alike because it's about finding food using something, or having a relation to something that will help another organism.
Mutualism
Mutualism is a relation where both the organisms benefit from each other. One of the most common plants in the Tundra is Lichen. Lichen is a composite organism that is usually made up of a fungus and a green alga. The alga uses photosynthesis in nature and that reduces carbon dioxide into sugars that feeds the fungus as well. The fungal counterpart in the meantime, helps provide protection to the alga by retaining water and helping in obtaining minerals from substrate. Therefore both the fungus and the green alga benefit from the relationship shown above, making it mutualism. Very useful for feeding other things around the Tundra as well as give protection.
Parasitism
Parasitism is a relation between two organisms where one organism benefits whereas the other one is at a loss in the relation, which is a way of saying it pretty much dies off because it can't get what the other one can. One of the biggest things people don't know about the Tundra biome, is that even parasitism is seen in the tundra region. This is usually seen in cases of liver tapeworm cysts. The liver tapeworm cysts tend to stay and grow in the body of various animals like moose, caribou and even wolves. These tapeworms then feed on the food that is eaten by these animals, which leads to malnutrition in the host body. So why one animal is infected with worms the worms are benefiting, because they are getting food and energy from the animal that it's inside of.
Commensalism
The Tundra doesn't exactly have the greatest environment for vegetation growth. This statement means that animals don't have a very wide variety of food. The caribou and reindeers are said to feed on lichens when the weather is at its worst and coldest, more often than they don't. this is the only food available to them which can provide them with carbohydrates and can give them energy and heat. So, when the caribou is on the prowl for food, the arctic fox follows it. That's when the caribou digs the ground snow in a quest to find food, it digs up the soil and slightly shows, or at least brings closer to the surface some of the subnivean mammals, with whom the arctic fox shares a predator prey relationships in the tundra. After the caribou are done, the arctic fox follows making deeper holes in the soil to get what mammals it can. This is one of the best examples of commensalism in the tundra biome, because the caribou remains unaffected but the arctic fox follows to get its food with some help from the caribou.
Mutualism is different from Commensalism and Parasitism because two animals can share the same food interest and be able to find it. Parasitism is where one animal feeds off of another to survive but only one of them is able to benefit from it. Commensalism is where one animal finds food and another one follows so they are both being benefited. There all alike because it's about finding food using something, or having a relation to something that will help another organism.